Introduction to Automotive steering torque sensors
Steering torque sensors play an important role in modern vehicle safety systems. As the name suggests, these sensors measure the torque applied to the steering system by the driver. Car manufacturers integrate steering torque sensors to enable advanced driver-assistance features such as electronic stability control (ESC) and torque vectoring. Let’s take a deeper look into how these sensors work and how they benefit drivers.
Measuring Steering Effort
Automotive Steering Torque Sensors are typically installed either on the steering column or on the steering rack itself. Sensor designs can vary between direct and indirect measurement. Direct sensors measure the twisting force directly on the steering shaft through strain gauges or other mechanical-electrical transducers. Indirect sensors detect torque by monitoring hydraulic pressure in power steering systems. In either case, the sensor sends torque signals to the vehicle's control unit for processing. This allows systems to determine the driver's intended steering input.
Enabling Safety Systems
Access to real-time steering torque data allows modern vehicles to activate safety features only when needed. For example, ESC senses when the steering torque direction does not match the vehicle's movement. It can then selectively brake individual wheels to bring the vehicle back onto the driver's intended path.
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Torque sensors also contribute to functions like torque vectoring which helps stabilize the vehicle during sharp turns by applying more torque to the outer wheels. Advanced cruise control systems can also cancel or reduce steering assist if they detect high resisting torque from driver override.
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