Composition and Properties

Methylene chloride, also known as dichloromethane, is a colorless, volatile liquid organic compound with a mildly sweet odor. Its chemical formula is CH2Cl2. As an halogenated hydrocarbon, dichloromethane contains carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine atoms. It evaporates quickly at room temperature and has a boiling point of around 40°C. Dichloromethane is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It is widely used as a solvent because of its ability to dissolve polar and nonpolar compounds.

Industrial and Commercial Uses

Methylene Chloride finds its major industrial application as a paint stripper and as a cleaning agent for metal parts. The paint and coatings industry relies on its excellent dissolving properties to remove old paint from surfaces prior to repainting. Automotive repair shops also use dichloromethane -based brake cleaners and degreasers. Other industries that utilize dichloromethane include electronics manufacturing, pharmaceuticals,and chemical production. It acts as an intermediary in the manufacture of other chemicals like chloroform. In the past, dichloromethane was commonly used as an aerosol propellant and adhesive remover in consumer products but its use has been restricted now due to safety concerns.

Health Hazards of Exposure

While a useful industrial chemical, dichloromethane poses significant health risks if proper safety precautions are not followed during use and handling. Its vapors are heavier than air and can travel long distances to accumulate in low-lying areas. Inhalation of high vapor concentrations causes dizziness, nausea, impaired vision and loss of consciousness. Long-term occupational exposure has been linked to cancer of the liver, lungs and brain. Skin contact may cause irritation, rashes or frostbite from rapidly evaporating liquid. Ingestion often results in abdominal pain, diarrhea and damage to liver, kidneys and central nervous system. Methylene chloride is readily absorbed through lungs and digestive tract into the bloodstream on exposure.

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